The speaker referenced a 'historic advisory opinion' from the International Court of Justice, saying the court held sea-level rise poses economic, social, cultural and humanitarian challenges and that nations are obligated to cooperate in response.

"This year, in a historic advisory opinion on climate change, the International Court of Justice held that sea level rise poses economic, social, cultural, and humanitarian challenges, and made clear that nations are obligated to cooperate in this context," the speaker said.

Linking the legal finding to equity, the speaker emphasized Indigenous peoples' stewardship of lands and waters and said they receive "only a fraction of climate finance." The speaker called for upholding land rights, ensuring full participation in decision-making, and investing in Indigenous leadership.

The speech framed protection of forests and oceans as a legal and moral duty and argued it also makes economic sense. The address did not include details on specific legal mechanisms, particular domestic obligations, or concrete finance commitments for Indigenous peoples.