Senate Bill 163, introduced in the Montana Legislature on April 18, 2025, aims to regulate the collection and use of genetic and neurotechnology data by entities offering consumer genetic testing services. The bill defines key terms such as "entity," "genetic data," and "neurotechnology," establishing a framework for how consumer data should be handled in these rapidly evolving fields.

The primary purpose of SB 163 is to ensure that consumers provide "express consent" before their genetic information is collected, used, or disclosed. This consent must be based on clear and meaningful notice regarding the specific purposes for which their data will be utilized. The bill encompasses a broad range of genetic data, including raw DNA sequences, genotypic and phenotypic information, and self-reported health conditions.

Notably, the legislation also addresses neurotechnology, defining it as devices that can record or alter responses of the nervous system. This inclusion reflects growing concerns about the ethical implications of neurotechnology and its potential impact on personal privacy.

Debate surrounding SB 163 has focused on the balance between innovation in genetic testing and neurotechnology and the need for consumer protection. Proponents argue that the bill is essential for safeguarding personal data in an age where genetic information can lead to significant health insights but also raises privacy concerns. Critics, however, express worries that overly stringent regulations could stifle research and development in these fields.

The implications of SB 163 are significant, as it sets a precedent for how genetic and neurotechnology data will be managed in Montana. If passed, the bill could influence similar legislative efforts in other states, potentially shaping national standards for consumer data protection in these emerging sectors.

As the legislative session progresses, stakeholders from various sectors, including healthcare, technology, and consumer advocacy, are closely monitoring the bill's developments. The outcome of SB 163 could have lasting effects on consumer rights and the future of genetic and neurotechnology industries in Montana and beyond.