House Bill 628, introduced in the Montana Legislature on April 18, 2025, aims to enhance early childhood education by establishing new programs for children aged four to five years. The bill proposes a multi-faceted approach to early education, allowing school trustees to offer both classroom-based and home-based programs designed to improve literacy and math skills among young learners.

Key provisions of House Bill 628 include the establishment of a classroom-based program for children not yet in kindergarten, which can be offered on a half-time or full-time basis. This program must adhere to developmentally appropriate learning standards set by the Board of Public Education and include ongoing evaluations to tailor instruction to individual student needs.

For children aged four and older who have not completed second grade, the bill allows for a home-based program operated by nonprofit entities. This program must be research-based, effective in developing early literacy skills, and foster parental engagement, with a maximum annual cost of $1,000 per child. Additionally, the Superintendent of Public Instruction is tasked with providing technical support to school districts for implementing this program.

The bill also introduces a "jumpstart" program for children aged five and older who have not yet completed third grade. This program is designed to take place during the summer months and must last at least four weeks, providing a minimum of 120 instructional hours. It aims to prepare children for success in reading and math as they transition into formal schooling.

Debate surrounding House Bill 628 has focused on its potential impact on educational equity, particularly for at-risk populations. Supporters argue that the bill addresses critical gaps in early education access, while opponents express concerns about funding and the feasibility of implementing these programs statewide.

The implications of this legislation are significant, as it seeks to improve early educational outcomes and potentially reduce long-term disparities in academic achievement. If passed, House Bill 628 could reshape early childhood education in Montana, providing vital resources and support for families and children in need. The bill is currently under review, with discussions expected to continue in the coming weeks as lawmakers assess its potential benefits and challenges.