Montana's House Bill 940, introduced on March 31, 2025, is stirring significant debate as it seeks to regulate camping along state highways. The bill aims to address safety concerns and the growing issue of unauthorized camping by establishing clear guidelines for temporary camping and parking.

At its core, HB 940 permits camping in specific emergency situations deemed necessary by law enforcement or state agencies, as well as for authorized work crews. It also designates certain rest areas and parking zones for temporary use, limited to 24 hours. This move is seen as a response to increasing reports of unsafe camping practices that have raised public safety alarms.

However, the bill's enforcement provisions have sparked controversy. Law enforcement agencies, including the Montana Highway Patrol, are empowered to issue notices requiring campers to vacate state highway rights-of-way within 72 hours, with non-compliance resulting in civil fines of up to $50. Critics argue that this could disproportionately affect vulnerable populations, including the homeless, who may have no alternative shelter options.

Supporters of the bill emphasize the need for maintaining public safety and order on highways, arguing that clear regulations are essential for both campers and motorists. They believe that the bill will help mitigate hazards associated with unauthorized camping, such as traffic accidents and environmental degradation.

As the bill progresses through the legislative process, its implications could resonate beyond highway safety. Experts warn that if passed, HB 940 may lead to increased scrutiny of homelessness in Montana, potentially igniting further discussions about affordable housing and social services in the state.

With the potential for significant social and political ramifications, House Bill 940 is poised to be a focal point in Montana's legislative session, reflecting broader national conversations about homelessness and public space usage. As lawmakers deliberate, the outcome of this bill could set a precedent for how states manage similar issues in the future.