Montana's Senate Bill 35, introduced on March 29, 2025, aims to reform the calculation of Average Number Belonging (ANB) for school funding, a critical metric that influences how state resources are allocated to school districts. This bill seeks to provide a more equitable and accurate representation of student enrollment, which is essential for ensuring that schools receive adequate funding based on their actual student populations.

The key provisions of SB 35 include a three-year averaging method for calculating ANB, which combines enrollment figures from two specific dates in the previous school year. This approach is designed to smooth out fluctuations in student numbers, particularly in districts that experience seasonal enrollment changes. Additionally, the bill allows for the inclusion of up to seven approved pupil-instruction-related days in the ANB calculation, which could benefit districts with varying instructional calendars.

Notably, the bill has sparked discussions among lawmakers and education advocates regarding its potential impact on funding equity. Proponents argue that the new averaging method will help stabilize funding for districts facing unpredictable enrollment patterns, while opponents express concerns that it may disadvantage schools with consistently high enrollment numbers. Amendments to the bill have been proposed to address these concerns, but debates continue as stakeholders weigh the implications of the changes.

The economic implications of SB 35 are significant, as accurate funding based on ANB directly affects the resources available for educational programs, staff salaries, and facility maintenance. By ensuring that funding reflects actual student enrollment more accurately, the bill could lead to improved educational outcomes and resource allocation across Montana's diverse school districts.

As the legislative process unfolds, the future of SB 35 remains uncertain. Education experts suggest that if passed, the bill could set a precedent for how states approach school funding calculations, potentially influencing similar reforms in other regions. The outcome of this bill will be closely monitored by educators, parents, and policymakers alike, as it holds the promise of reshaping the landscape of public education funding in Montana.