On March 10, 2025, Maryland lawmakers introduced House Bill 420, a significant piece of legislation aimed at enhancing the safety of students with severe allergies in public schools. The bill seeks to establish comprehensive policies for the emergency administration of epinephrine, a critical medication used to treat anaphylaxis, a potentially life-threatening allergic reaction.

The primary purpose of House Bill 420 is to ensure that public schools are equipped to respond effectively to anaphylactic emergencies. Key provisions of the bill include mandatory training for school personnel to recognize the symptoms of anaphylaxis, procedures for the emergency administration of epinephrine, and the establishment of protocols for notifying parents or guardians about the school’s anaphylaxis policy at the start of each academic year. Additionally, the bill allows school nurses to obtain and store emergency-use epinephrine, thereby ensuring immediate access during critical situations.

One notable aspect of the bill is the liability protection it offers to school personnel. Under the proposed legislation, school nurses and staff who respond in good faith to an anaphylactic reaction will not be held personally liable for their actions, except in cases of willful or gross negligence. This provision aims to encourage timely and decisive action in emergencies without the fear of legal repercussions.

The introduction of House Bill 420 has sparked discussions among lawmakers, educators, and health professionals. Proponents argue that the bill is essential for safeguarding the health of students with allergies, particularly as the prevalence of food allergies continues to rise. Critics, however, have raised concerns about the potential costs associated with training and implementing the new policies, as well as the adequacy of resources available to schools.

The implications of this legislation extend beyond immediate health concerns. By equipping schools with the necessary tools and training to handle anaphylactic emergencies, House Bill 420 could significantly reduce the risk of severe allergic reactions among students, fostering a safer learning environment. Furthermore, the bill reflects a growing recognition of the importance of addressing health issues within educational settings, potentially influencing similar legislative efforts in other states.

As House Bill 420 moves through the legislative process, its outcomes will be closely monitored by stakeholders across Maryland. The bill's passage could set a precedent for how schools nationwide manage allergy-related emergencies, highlighting the critical intersection of health policy and education.