House Bill 197, introduced in Maryland on February 24, 2025, aims to enhance student discipline practices in public schools by promoting restorative approaches. The bill seeks to create a framework for county boards to implement guidelines that foster an environment of order and discipline conducive to effective learning.

Key provisions of House Bill 197 include the requirement for each county board to adopt regulations that emphasize educational and behavioral interventions, restorative practices, and counseling. The bill mandates that any disciplinary measures taken should prioritize rehabilitation and education rather than punishment. Additionally, it calls for the establishment of alternative disciplinary programs, which may include in-school suspension and other measures deemed appropriate.

A significant aspect of the bill is its focus on data transparency. The Maryland Department of Education is tasked with submitting an annual report to the Governor and the General Assembly, detailing the use of restorative practices and reviewing disciplinary policies across the state. This report must include disaggregated data on student discipline by various demographics, including race, gender, and socioeconomic status, to ensure accountability and equity in disciplinary actions.

The introduction of House Bill 197 has sparked discussions among educators, policymakers, and community members. Proponents argue that the bill addresses systemic issues in school discipline, particularly the disproportionate impact on marginalized students. Critics, however, express concerns about the feasibility of implementing restorative practices effectively and the potential for leniency in addressing serious behavioral issues.

The implications of House Bill 197 extend beyond school discipline; it reflects a broader shift towards restorative justice in education, aiming to reduce suspensions and expulsions while fostering a supportive school climate. As the bill progresses through the legislative process, its outcomes could significantly influence how Maryland schools approach student behavior and discipline in the coming years.