House Bill 1415, introduced in Maryland on February 7, 2025, aims to enhance the state's efforts in reducing greenhouse gas emissions from covered buildings. The bill outlines a framework for establishing energy performance standards and introduces an alternative compliance pathway for building owners who fail to meet direct emissions reduction targets.

Key provisions of the bill include the establishment of a fee system for greenhouse gas emissions, which must not be lower than the social cost of greenhouse gases as determined by the Maryland Department or the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Additionally, the bill mandates that electric and gas companies provide energy data to building owners for benchmarking purposes, facilitating better energy management.

A notable aspect of the bill is its exemption for certain buildings. Specifically, it states that buildings with a use and occupancy permit issued before June 1, 2022, will not be required to comply with the new energy performance standards until major systems, such as lighting or HVAC, need replacement due to failure or end of life. This provision aims to balance environmental goals with the practical realities faced by older buildings.

The bill has sparked discussions among stakeholders, particularly regarding the financial implications for building owners and the potential impact on energy costs. Supporters argue that the bill is a necessary step toward achieving Maryland's climate goals, while opponents express concerns about the economic burden it may impose on property owners, especially those managing older buildings.

As the legislative process unfolds, experts suggest that the bill could have significant implications for Maryland's energy landscape, potentially leading to increased investment in energy-efficient technologies and practices. The bill is set to take effect on October 1, 2025, pending further legislative approval and potential amendments.