Night Riders of Reelfoot Lake clash over fishing rights leads to violence and arrests

In a recent meeting of the Agriculture & Natural Resources Committee held on February 4, 2025, members engaged in a reflective discussion about the historical significance of Reelfoot Lake, highlighting its tumultuous past and its eventual acquisition by the state of Tennessee. This narrative, shared by Chairman Grylls, recounted the violent conflicts between lakefront landowners and local fishermen in the early 1900s, known as the Night Riders of Reelfoot Lake.

The story began in 1914 when Reelfoot Lake, a renowned fishing and game resort, was officially designated as state property. The lake's formation in the early 1800s was attributed to a series of earthquakes along the New Madrid Fault Line. Tensions escalated in the early 1900s as landowners, organized under the West Tennessee Land Company, sought to protect their interests against local fishermen who relied on the lake for their livelihoods. This conflict culminated in a series of violent confrontations, including the infamous kidnapping and murder of Captain Quentin Rankin by the Night Riders, a group of fishermen defending their rights.

The violence prompted Tennessee Governor Malcolm Patterson to deploy the state militia to restore order. Following the arrest of several Night Riders, including their leader Garrett Johnson, the legal proceedings revealed the deep-seated issues surrounding land ownership and fishing rights. Although six men were initially convicted of Rankin's murder, their sentences were later overturned by the Tennessee Supreme Court, prolonging the struggle over the lake's management.

Ultimately, it took several more years for the state to acquire Reelfoot Lake, allowing for public access for fishing and recreation. This historical account serves as a reminder of the complex relationship between natural resources and community rights, emphasizing the importance of equitable access to shared spaces.

In addition to this historical reflection, the committee welcomed new member Representative Ron Travis, who expressed his enthusiasm for continuing his work in agriculture after over a decade of service. The meeting also included discussions on the committee's operational plans for the year, signaling a commitment to addressing current agricultural and natural resource issues in Tennessee.

As the committee moves forward, the legacy of Reelfoot Lake remains a poignant example of the ongoing dialogue about resource management and community rights, underscoring the need for thoughtful governance in the face of historical challenges.