Iowa House Bill 91, introduced on January 17, 2025, aims to prohibit the use of ranked choice voting and instant runoff voting in elections across the state. This legislative move seeks to clarify and standardize voting methods, ensuring that elections are conducted using traditional voting systems. The bill defines ranked choice voting as a method where voters rank candidates by preference, and votes are tabulated in rounds until a candidate achieves a majority.

The bill also addresses absentee voting procedures, amending existing regulations to enhance the integrity of ballot returns. It specifies that individuals prohibited from collecting and delivering completed ballots must adhere to strict guidelines, aiming to prevent fraudulent activities related to absentee voting.

Debate surrounding House Bill 91 has been notable, with proponents arguing that traditional voting methods are simpler and more transparent, while opponents contend that ranked choice voting can lead to more representative outcomes by allowing voters to express preferences beyond their top choice. Critics of the bill express concerns that banning ranked choice voting limits voter choice and could disenfranchise those who prefer this method.

The implications of this bill are significant. If passed, it could reshape the electoral landscape in Iowa, potentially affecting voter turnout and engagement. Experts suggest that the decision to maintain traditional voting methods may resonate with certain voter demographics, while others may feel alienated by the lack of ranked choice options.

As the bill moves through the legislative process, its future remains uncertain. Observers will be watching closely to see how lawmakers address the concerns raised during debates and whether amendments will be proposed to accommodate differing viewpoints on voting methods. The bill is set to take effect on January 1, 2026, marking a pivotal moment for Iowa's electoral practices.