The Wyoming Legislature made significant strides in energy policy during the Senate Floor Session on January 27, 2025, by passing Senate File 17, which aims to stimulate enhanced oil recovery through carbon dioxide (CO2) utilization. This legislation addresses a critical market bias that currently favors permanent geological sequestration of CO2 over its use in enhanced oil recovery, a method that can significantly boost oil production in the state.
Senator Rothfuss, who championed the bill, explained that the federal 45Q tax credit system creates a financial incentive for CO2 to be permanently stored rather than used for oil recovery. The new legislation proposes a $10 per ton credit for CO2 used in enhanced oil recovery, effectively leveling the playing field for Wyoming's oil producers. This move is expected to enhance oil production and generate substantial revenue for the state, which is crucial for funding public services.
The bill was met with broad support from the oil and gas community, who emphasized the importance of maintaining access to CO2 for enhanced recovery projects. With 75 potential oil fields identified for CO2 injection, the economic implications of this legislation could be significant, potentially leading to millions in additional tax revenue from increased oil production.
In addition to Senate File 17, the legislature also discussed Senate File 18, which proposes a 50% reduction in severance tax for enhanced oil recovery projects. While this bill aims to incentivize production, concerns were raised about its potential long-term impact on state revenue and market dynamics. Some legislators expressed that passing both bills could lead to a significant reduction in severance tax revenue, complicating the state's fiscal landscape.
As the session concluded, the passage of Senate File 17 marked a pivotal moment for Wyoming's energy sector, positioning the state to capitalize on enhanced oil recovery while addressing environmental concerns related to CO2 emissions. The legislature's actions reflect a commitment to balancing economic growth with sustainable practices in the energy industry, setting the stage for future developments in Wyoming's oil and gas landscape.